高考,英语,阅读理解,说明文,Day,阅读理解,Day 7阅读理解(7)(说明文)
Passage 1
文体：说明文  词数：403  限时：8分钟
Two new studies suggest that modern running shoes could increase the risk of injuries to runners.
One study involved sixty-eight healthy young women and men who ran at least twenty-four kilometers a week. The runners were observed on a treadmill machine(跑步机). Sometimes they wore running shoes. Other times they ran barefoot(赤脚).
Researchers from the JKM Technologies Company in Virginia, the University of Virginia and the University of Colorado did the study.
They found that running shoes create more stress that could damage knees, hips and ankle joints than running barefoot. They observed that the effect was even greater than the effect reported earlier for walking in high heels. The study appeared in the official scientific journal of The American Academy of Physical Medicine.
The other study appeared in the journal Nature. It compared runners in the United States and Kenya. The researchers were from Harvard University in Massachusetts, Moi University in Kenya and the University of Glasgow in Scotland.
They divided the runners into three groups. One group had always run shoeless. Another group had always run with shoes. And the third group had changed to shoeless running.
Runners who wear shoes usually come down their heel first. That puts great force on the back of the foot. But the study found that barefoot runners generally land on the front or middle of their foot. That way they ease into their landing and avoid striking their heel.
Harvard’s Daniel Lieberman led the study. He says the way most running shoes are designed may explain why those who wear them land on their heel. The heel of the shoe is bigger and heavier than other parts of the shoe, so it would seem more likely to come down first. Also, the heel generally has thick material under it to soften landings.
But the researchers do not suggest that runners immediately start running barefoot. They say it takes some training. And there can be risks, like running when your feet are too cold to feel if you get injured.
The study was partly supported by Vibram, which makes a kind of footwear that it says is like running barefoot. The findings have gotten a lot of attention. But the researchers say there are many problems in the way the press has reported in their paper. So they have tried to explain their findings on a Harvard Website.
’s the main idea of the passage?
g in high heels could cause less serious effects than running barefoot
new discoveries encourage people to run in high heels.
g in shoes is partly good to runners.
new studies prove running without shoes is less risky to runners in most cases.
part of our body could be injured if we run in running shoes?
.           .       .           .
can we learn from the passage?
way that we run by landing on the front or middle of our foot could avoid damaging our heel.
should start running barefoot in no time.
g in modern running shoes could cause more serious effects than running in high heels.
won’t be injured if we run barefoot.
is the writer’s attitude toward the use of the modern running shoes?
sive.                   ve.
ive.                     tive.
Passage 2
文体：说明文  词数：335  限时：7分钟
If you see a group of people dancing and singing on the street or in the railway station, you don’t need to feel surprised. They are a flash mob(快闪族), which is a group of people who come together suddenly in a public place, do something unusual for a brief period of time, and then quickly break up. They are usually organized with the help of the Internet or other digital communication network. At a predetermined time, they gather and perform some distractions(消遣) such as waving their hands and exchanging books. Then, they quickly break up before the police can arrive. Using mobile phones, the flash mob can change its location if the first one has been replaced for any reason.
Bill Lasik, senior editor of Harper’s Magazine, organized the first flash mob in Manhattan in May, 2003 and the first successful flash mob came together on June 3, 2003—after the first attempt was foiled at Macy’s department store. Lasik claimed that the activity was designed to make fun of hipsters(赶时髦的人), and call attention to the cultural atmosphere.
Flash mob gatherings can sometimes shock people. Such an activity might seem amusing and untrue, but it also might frighten people who are not aware of what is taking place. Undoubtedly, flash mobs can serve as good political tools in any direction. They also have great economic potential, such as using flash mobs to advertise a product.
The flash mob is now becoming more and more popular. People use it to do many things. For example, in 2009, Michael Jackson’s fans took part in a flash mob to remember him. Hundreds of his fans gathered singing and dancing Michael’s famous song “Beat It” together. Flash mobs give people from all walks of life an opportunity to come together to create a memory. 。

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